WAEC 2026 Specimen List for Agricultural Science and Practical Questions and Answers
LIKELY FULL SPECIMEN LIST (NIGERIA)
A. CROP SPECIMENS
- Maize plant (leaf, stem, grain)
- Cassava stem cutting
- Yam tuber
- Rice plant
- Beans (cowpea seeds)
- Groundnut pods
B. WEED SPECIMENS
- Spear grass
- Goat weed
- Tridax (coat buttons)
- Waterleaf
C. ANIMAL / ANIMAL PRODUCTS
- Fresh egg
- Fish (tilapia or catfish)
- Snail
- Chicken parts (feather, leg, beak)
D. FARM TOOLS & EQUIPMENT
- Cutlass
- Hoe
- Rake
- Spade
- Wheelbarrow
- Watering can
E. SOIL SAMPLES
- Sandy soil
- Loamy soil
- Clay soil
F. FERTILIZERS / FEED
- Organic manure (compost)
- NPK fertilizer
- Urea
G. PRESERVED SPECIMENS (OCCASIONAL)
- Insect pest (grasshopper, weevil)
- Crop disease sample
WAEC 2026 Specimen List for Agricultural Science and Practical Questions and Answers
WAEC PRACTICAL QUESTIONS & ANSWERS (ADVANCED FORMAT)
Total Marks: 50
QUESTION 1 (SPECIMEN IDENTIFICATION – 10 MARKS)
Specimen A: Maize grain
Specimen B: Bean seed
(a) State three observable features of each specimen
Answer:
Maize:
- Yellow in colour
- Hard outer covering
- Small and oval
Beans:
- Larger seed
- Presence of hilum
- Kidney-shaped
(b) Classify each as monocot or dicot
Answer:
- Maize → Monocot
- Beans → Dicot
(c) State one economic importance of each
Answer:
- Maize → Food for humans/animals
- Beans → Protein source
QUESTION 2 (SOIL ANALYSIS – 10 MARKS)
Specimen C: Sandy soil
Specimen D: Clay soil
(a) Tabulate four differences
| Feature | Sandy Soil | Clay Soil |
|---|---|---|
| Texture | Coarse | Fine |
| Water retention | Low | High |
| Drainage | Fast | Poor |
| Aeration | Good | Poor |
(b) State one crop suitable for each
Answer:
- Sandy → Groundnut
- Clay → Rice
QUESTION 3 (FARM TOOLS – 5 MARKS)
Specimen E: Cutlass
Specimen F: Hoe
(a) State one use of each
Answer:
- Cutlass → Clearing bush
- Hoe → Tilling soil
(b) State one maintenance practice
Answer:
- Clean and oil after use
QUESTION 4 (ANIMAL PRODUCTION – 5 MARKS)
Specimen G: Fresh egg
(a) Name two parts visible after breaking
Answer:
- Yolk
- Albumen
(b) State two functions of egg
Answer:
- Food source
- Reproduction
QUESTION 5 (WEEDS – 5 MARKS)
Specimen H: Spear grass
(a) State two characteristics
Answer:
- Long narrow leaves
- Spreads rapidly
(b) State one control method
Answer:
- Manual weeding or herbicide
WAEC 2026 Specimen List for Agricultural Science and Practical Questions and Answers
QUESTION 6 (FERTILIZER – 5 MARKS)
Specimen I: NPK fertilizer
(a) What do N, P, K represent?
Answer:
- Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium
(b) State one function of each
Answer:
- N → Leaf growth
- P → Root development
- K → Disease resistance
QUESTION 7 (ANIMAL IDENTIFICATION – 5 MARKS)
Specimen J: Fish
(a) State two observable features
Answer:
- Presence of fins
- Scales
(b) State habitat
Answer:
- Aquatic
QUESTION 8 (CROP PROPAGATION – 3 MARKS)
(a) Name two methods of vegetative propagation
Answer:
- Stem cutting
- Grafting
QUESTION 9 (AGRICULTURAL ECOLOGY – 3 MARKS)
(a) Define soil fertility
Answer:
- Ability of soil to support plant growth
QUESTION 10 (GENERAL PRACTICAL SKILLS – 4 MARKS)
(a) State two precautions in handling farm tools
Answer:
- Handle carefully
- Store properly
EXAMINER’S KEY MARKING INSIGHT
WAEC examiners expect:
- Observable features only
- Proper tabulation format
- Correct terminology (not vague words)
- Short, direct answers
- Accurate identification
COMMON TRAPS IN AGRIC PRACTICAL
Candidates lose marks when they:
- Guess instead of observing
- Mix up monocot and dicot
- Fail to tabulate differences
- Give vague answers like “it is useful”
HOW TO PREPARE EFFECTIVELY
Focus on mastering:
- Crop vs weed identification
- Soil properties
- Farm tools and uses
- Fertilizer functions
- Animal products (egg, fish)
FINAL REALITY CHECK
If you prepare using this specimen list and question style, you are covering over 90% of WAEC Agricultural Science practical expectations for Nigerian candidates.
